Today is Reptile Awareness Day. 10 things you might not know about reptiles:
There are about 12,000 species of reptiles living on the planet today. They are found on every continent except Antarctica.
There are four basic varieties of reptile: Turtles, known by their slow metabolisms and protective shells; squamates, which includes Snakes and lizards, crocodilians, the closest living relatives of both modern Birds and Dinosaurs; and tuataras, which are only found on a few remote islands of New Zealand.
Reptiles are cold blooded, or ectothermic, which means they get their body heat from external sources. They get warm by basking in the Sun and cool off by seeking Water and shade. The advantage of this is that reptiles don’t need to eat as much as comparably sized birds and mammals. The disadvantage is that they can’t sustain a consistently high level of activity, especially at night.
The largest reptile in the world is the Australian Crocodile, also known as the Saltwater or Estuarine Crocodile, the adults grow to 3 to 5 metres in length.
The smallest reptile in the world was only discovered in Madagascar in 2021. It’s a chameleon called Brookesia nana. It is only 13.5mm in body length (tail not included) and is as small as a sunflower seed. Although it’s a chameleon, it can’t change colour.
The sex of an embryo in the egg can be determined by the outside temperature in some reptiles.
Reptiles first appear in the fossil record 315 million years ago. They evolved from amphibians between 400 and 300 million years ago.
Their scaly skin allowed them to move away from the water without drying out.
Not many reptiles are vegetarian. The only herbivorous reptiles are turtles and Iguanas.
Reptiles are more cognitively advanced than Fish and amphibians, about on an intellectual par with birds, but nowhere near as clever as the average mammal. The exception is crocodilians. They have rudimentary social skills.
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