23 February: Horlicks

Born this date in 1846 was William Horlick, food manufacturer and the original patent holder for malted Milk. 10 things you might not know about his product, Horlicks:

1. For anyone who doesn’t know what it is, it’s a sweet malted milk hot drink powder developed by James and William Horlick.

2. The brothers emigrated to the USA, William in 1860 and James in 1873, and it was in that year that they they founded the company J & W Horlicks in Chicago.

3. Horlicks was originally a food for babies and invalids.

4. The Horlicks brothers invented a condition called 'night starvation' for their advertising campaign. The cure, as you may already have guessed, was to have a mug of Horlicks before bed.

5. Horlicks was later made and marketed by GlaxoSmithKline as a nutritional supplement.

6. Horlicks in the UK is currently owned by Aimia Foods.

7. What is this stuff made of? In the UK at least the ingredient list is The main ingredient in the United Kingdom formulation is a mixture of Wheat flour, malted wheat, malted Barley, dried whey, Calcium carbonate, dried skimmed milk, Sugar, palm oil (certified by the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil), Salt, Anti-Caking Agent (E551), and a mixture of vitamins and minerals.

8. In South Africa, you can get Honey and Horlicks flavoured milkshake.

9. In Hong Kong, it’s a popular drink in cafes and can be served hot or cold, with ice.

10. Horlicks was the sponsor for Dan Dare, Pilot of the Future, a serial broadcast on Radio Luxembourg in the 1950s.

I also write novels and short stories. If you like superheroes, psychic detectives and general weirdness you might enjoy them. 

Check out my works of fiction at https://juliehowlinauthor.wordpress.com/my-books/

22 February: George Washington Quotes

George Washington was born on this date in 1732. 10 George Washington Quotes, from a time when stuff a US president said made sense and didn’t just consist of calling people he didn’t like “failing losers”.

1. A pack of jackasses led by a lion is superior to a pack of lions led by a jackass.

2. Be Americans. Let there be no sectionalism, no North, South, East or West. You are all dependent on one another and should be one in union. In one word, be a nation. Be Americans, and be true to yourselves.

3. 99% of failures come from people who make excuses.

4. Leadership is not only having a vision, but also having the courage, the discipline, and the resources to get you there.

5. You have only one way to convince others, listen to them.

6. Occupants of public offices love power and are prone to abuse it.

7. When there is no vision, there is no hope.

8. Make sure you are doing what God wants you to do – then do it with all your strength.

9. Real men despise battle, but will never run from it.

10. To be prepared for war is one of the most effective means of preserving peace.

I also write novels and short stories. If you like superheroes, psychic detectives and general weirdness you might enjoy them. 

Check out my works of fiction at https://juliehowlinauthor.wordpress.com/my-books/

21 February: Leo Delibes

Born on this date in 1836 was Leo Delibes, French Romantic composer. 10 facts about him.

1. His works include Coppélia, Sylvia and Lakmé, which includes the "Flower Duet".

2. His full name was Clement Philibert Leo Delibes.

3. He was born in Saint-Germain-du-Val, France. His father was a postman and his mother a musician. He was their only child. His grandfather was an Opera singer.

4. His father died in 1847 and the family moved to Paris. At the age of 12 he was admitted to the Paris Conservatoire.

5. As a boy he had a good singing voice and sang in the church choir at La Madeleine. He also played the organ at several churches.

6. One of his teachers at the Conservatoire was Adolphe Adam, the composer of Giselle.

7. Delibes earned a living as a critic; inspector of school music; and accompanist and chorus master at the Opéra.

8. He was one of the first composers to write high quality music for Ballet. He was able to retire thanks to the success of Coppélia and devote his time to composing. He had a yen to compose more serious stuff and wrote a grand scena, La Mort d'Orphée (The Death of Orpheus), and a serious opera, Jean de Nivelle.

9. In 1971 he married Leontine Estelle Denain, who he’d met while working as an organist.

10. He died on 16 January 1891, at the age of 54.

I also write novels and short stories. If you like superheroes, psychic detectives and general weirdness you might enjoy them. 

Check out my works of fiction at https://juliehowlinauthor.wordpress.com/my-books/

20 February: Sidney Poitier

This date in 1927 saw the birth of Sidney Poitier, American actor. 10 things you might not know about him.

1. His family lived in the Bahamas, which at that time was a British Crown colony, but Sidney wasn’t born there. He was born in Miami, which made him a US citizen. His father was a farmer and the family would travel to the US on business, which is why they were there when Sidney was born, two months prematurely. It was touch and go whether he’d survive, but he did, and his parents returned to the Bahamas where he grew up.

2. At 15, he went back to Miami, and then to New York when he was 16. He’d decided by then that he wanted to be an actor. He worked washing dishes to support himself.

3. He failed his first audition with the American Negro Theatre because he wasn’t able to read a script fluently. One of the waiters worked with him every night, listening to him as he read from a newspaper.

4. Soon after that, in 1943, Poitier lied about his age so he could join the army, since he was homeless at the time and the military would provide accommodation. He served as a medical attendant at a mental hospital in New York, but hated it and faked a mental illness to get discharged. Faced with the prospect of electric shock treatment, he confessed that he’d been faking and also that he’d lied about his age. After some therapy sessions, he was discharged.

5. After this he tried again for the American Negro Theatre and this time was successful, although he still had a lot of work to do. He couldn’t sing, which was something expected of actors at the time, and he still had a noticeable Bahamian accent, which he needed to work on losing.

6. His breakthrough film role was as a high school student in the 1955 film Blackboard Jungle. He was blacklisted for a time because he was an active member of the Committee for the Negro in the Arts (CNA).

7. Ultimately, though, he was a great success. He was the first African-American actor to win an Academy Award for Best Actor in a Lead Role for Lilies of the Field in 1963, and the first to place autograph, hand, and footprints in the cement at Grauman's Chinese Theatre in 1967.

8. In 2009, Poitier was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by Barack Obama. He’d already, in 1974, been awarded an honorary knighthood of the Order of the British Empire by Queen Elizabeth II. He served as as ambassador of the Bahamas to Japan, and was was a member of the board of directors of the Walt Disney Company.

9. He was the visual inspiration for the original illustrations of the superhero Green Lantern.

10. At the time of his death, aged 94, he was the last surviving Oscar nominee as Best Actor from the 1950s, and the last surviving winner from the 1960s. Incidentally, he died on the same day and in the same city as Peter Bogdanovich, who directed him in To Sir, with Love II in 1996.

I also write novels and short stories. If you like superheroes, psychic detectives and general weirdness you might enjoy them. 

Check out my works of fiction at https://juliehowlinauthor.wordpress.com/my-books/

19 February: Mendelevium

On this date in 1955 the element Mendelevium was discovered. Here’s what you might not know.

1. It’s a synthetic metallic element with the symbol Md and atomic number 101.

2. That makes it what is called a transuranium element. These are elements with atomic numbers greater than 92, the atomic number of Uranium. All of them are radioactively unstable and decay into other elements. They are all synthetic and none of them occur naturally on Earth, except for neptunium and Plutonium.

3. It has been predicted that Mendelevium would melt at 1100 K (800 °C, 1500 °F).

4. It was named after Dmitri Mendeleev, a Russian chemist known for formulating the periodic law and creating a version of the Periodic Table of elements.

5. It was first synthesised by Albert Ghiorso, Glenn T. Seaborg, Gregory Robert Choppin, Bernard G. Harvey, and team leader Stanley G. Thompson in early 1955 at the University of California, Berkeley, by bombarding another synthetic element called einsteinium with alpha particles.

6. It was the first element to be synthesized and discovered a few atoms at a time. In about a dozen repetitions of the experiment, the team of scientists produced 17 atoms of mendelevium.

7. In the periodic table, mendelevium is located to the right of the actinide fermium, to the left of the actinide nobelium, and below the lanthanide thulium.

8. Seventeen isotopes of mendelevium are known, with mass numbers from 244 to 260.

9. Mendelevium is the last element with any known isotope that has a half-life longer than a day.

10. The most stable of its isotopes is mendelevium-258 which has a half life of 51.5 days.

I also write novels and short stories. If you like superheroes, psychic detectives and general weirdness you might enjoy them. 

Check out my works of fiction at https://juliehowlinauthor.wordpress.com/my-books/

18 February: Alessandro Volta

This date in 1745 was the birthdate of Alessandro Volta, Italian scientist and inventor of the electric battery. 10 facts about him.

1. Volta was born in Como in northern Italy. His father, Filippo Volta, was of noble lineage.

2. His family expected him to become a priest, but he chose a career in science and family life instead. This led to speculation that he had no religious belief, but that wasn’t true. He maintained his Catholic faith all his life.

3. His wife’s name was Teresa Peregrini, who like him, was from Como. They had three sons: Zanino, Flaminio, and Luigi.

4. His work built on that of Luigi Galvani, the guy who discovered that touching a skinned Frog’s leg with different metals caused the leg to move. Volta concluded that the frog’s leg was merely a conductor and wasn’t actually generating electricity. He did similar experiments without using frogs, just different metals, and found that the current was generated just the same. He called it “metallic electricity.”

5. His method of detecting weak electric currents between two metals was to place them on his tongue.

6. He went on to invent something called the voltaic column, an early battery, which consisted of alternating disks of Zinc and Silver (alternatively Copper and pewter) separated by Paper or cloth soaked in salt Water or sodium hydroxide.

7. He was also credited with discovering methane gas.

8. Volta demonstrated his battery to Napoleon Bonaparte, who was so impressed that he made Volta a count.

9. Volta retired in 1819 to his estate in Como and died there on 5 March 1827, just after his 82nd birthday.

10. The volt unit of measurement is named for him. Also named for him is a species of electric Eel, Electrophorus voltai, which as been described as the strongest bioelectricity producer in nature.

I also write novels and short stories. If you like superheroes, psychic detectives and general weirdness you might enjoy them. 

Check out my works of fiction at https://juliehowlinauthor.wordpress.com/my-books/

17 February: Sardines

The first sardines were canned by Julius Wolff in Eastport, Maine at the Wolff and Reesing Cannery on this date in 1876. 10 facts about sardines

1. The term sardine relates to various species of small Fish in the herring family. There are five distinct genera and at least 21 unique species in the sub-order they belong to. The European pilchard is one of them. Hence the words sardine and pilchard are sometimes used interchangeably.

2. Most sources will tell you that the word sardine comes from the Italian island of Sardinia, because the fish were once abundant there. Wikipedia, however, questions this as the word has Greek roots and it seems unlikely that people in Athens were getting their fish from Sardinia that long ago. Their article suggests an alternative, that the word sardine actually derives from sardonyx stone, because the flesh of some of these fish is Red, like the stone.

3. In ancient times, sardines were preserved through methods such as drying, smoking, and salting. These methods were less than perfect, however, as they would alter the texture and taste.

4. While Wolff might have been the pioneer for sardine canning in America, the credit in my sources seems to go to one Nicolas Appert, a French confectioner and chef, who discovered that heating food in a sealed container would preserve it. He has been called the "Father of Canning."

5. Situations where people are crowded together are sometimes referred to as being like sardines in a tin. This expression seems to have originated in France: "encaissés comme des sardines", appeared in a French publication called La Femme, le mari, et l'amant in 1829, and the English translation in The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction in 1841.

6. On a similar note, the game of sardines. One person hides, and the people who find them hide with them in the same spot, so by the end of the game they will be packed together in the hiding place like sardines in a tin. The last person to discover the hiding place is the next one to hide.

7. A can of sardines is 67% Water, 21% protein, 10% fat with a small amount of carbohydrate. Sardines are an excellent source of Selenium, Calcium and omega 3 fatty acids.

8. Sardines eat zooplankton and will congregate in areas where there is lots of it. Sardines are eaten not only by us but by other fish, marine animals and Birds. They are in fact quite low in the food chain which makes them not only a sustainable source of food, but one which has less contaminants, like Mercury, than fish higher up the chain.

9. Sardine oil has other uses besides as food. It has anti-inflammatory properties and is rich in vitamin A, which makes it good for Skin care products. It can be used to treat skin problems such as eczema and acne.

10. Portugal is known for its sardines and The annual Feast of St. Anthony there features a parade of giant sardines made of paper or plastic, which are carried through the streets of Lisbon. Each year, the parade has a different theme, and the design of the giant sardines will be in keeping with the theme.

I also write novels and short stories. If you like superheroes, psychic detectives and general weirdness you might enjoy them. 

Check out my works of fiction at https://juliehowlinauthor.wordpress.com/my-books/