A
scarecrow is an effigy, usually shaped like a human being, placed in
a field to scare away the birds which might otherwise eat the crops.
The first Sunday
in
July is Build
a Scarecrow
Day,
so here are ten facts about scarecrows you might not know.

- The
earliest scarecrows were made in ancient Egypt around 3,000 years
ago to scare birds away from the Wheat fields beside the Nile.
- They
were also used in ancient Greece, where farmers would make them to
look like Priapus, the son of Dionysus and Aphrodite. This was
because of a myth that Priapus was an extremely ugly child who'd
scare away the birds whenever he played in the vineyards.
- In
Medieval Britain, young boys were often employed as “bird
scarers”, who were paid to wander around the fields throwing
stones at birds. Farmers started making artificial scarecrows after
the plague, when there was a shortage of young boys.
- The
first known usage of the word “scarecrow” in English literature
was in Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe. Since then, there have been numerous fictional
scarecrows. Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote a short story called
Feathertop,
about a scarecrow which was brought to life by a Witch; both Marvel
and DC have villains called Scarecrow, although they are completely
different characters; Barbara Euphan Todd created the friendly
scarecrow Worzel Gummidge in the 1930s and he later got his own TV
show; but probably the most famous is the scarecrow in Frank Baum's
The
Wonderful Wizard of Oz,
played by Ray Bolger in the 1939 film The
Wizard of Oz
and by Michael Jackson in The
Wiz,
who goes in search of a Brain.
- There
are songs about scarecrows, too. Pink Floyd's debut album includes a
track called Scarecrow,
and XTC's album Oranges
& Lemons
includes a track called Scarecrow
People
who 'ain't got no brains' and 'ain't got no Hearts' and are the
destiny of the human race as a result of wars and pollution.
- The
bird scaring function of a scarecrow isn't just because it looks
vaguely like a person. They get dressed in cast off clothing for a
reason – the clothes will have the smell of their former human
owners lingering
about them, so
as far as the birds are concerned, they smell like humans, too. In Japan, they go a step further and hang meat and fish bones from
their scarecrows which would scare away anything with a sense of
smell!
- Talking
of Japan, there is a village there called Nagoro, which has a human
population of 35, but a scarecrow population of over 350.
- There
are a number of old dialect words for scarecrows in different parts
of Britain. Hay-man (England), Hodmedod (Berkshire), Murmet (Devon),
Mommet (Somerset), Mawkin (Sussex), Bwbach (Wales), Gallybagger
(Isle of Wight), Tattie Bogal (Isle of Skye); and in Scotland they
are Bodach-rocais (which literally means "old man of the
rooks").
- The
1990s and 2000s saw a trend of towns and villages holding scarecrow
festivals where householders and businesses display scarecrows in
their gardens and shop windows.
There may be a scarecrow trail and events to raise money for
charity. One of the earliest was the Urchfont Scarecrow Festival
which attracts up to 10,000 people every year. Or at least in years
when there isn't a plague. Scarecrow festivals aren't unique to
Britain, though. In Canada there are also scarecrow festivals,
usually in the autumn and associated with Halloween. The scarecrows
there have Pumpkins for heads. One
of the latest places to jump on the scarecrow festival bandwagon is
the Philippines. The
world record for the largest number of scarecrows in one place is
3,812 at National Forest Adventure Farm in Staffordshire, on 7
August 2014.
- If
the thought of that many scarecrows in one place is giving you the
heebie-jeebies then it may be that you suffer from Formidophobia,
the irrational fear of scarecrows.
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