1 March: 60

1 March is the 60^th day of any non-leap year. Here are 10 fun facts about the number 60.

1. The ancient Babylonian number system had a base of 60 inherited from the Sumerian and Akkadian civilizations. It’s speculated that part of the reason for that is 60 has a lot of divisors.

2. This is the reason why there are 60 minutes in an hour and 60 seconds in a minute.

3. The same is true of angles: there are 60 seconds in a minute, and 60 minutes in a degree.

4. In older literature, 60 may be called threescore, meaning three times 20 (a score).

5. It’s the atomic number of Neodymium, a chemical element with the symbol Nd. It is the fourth member of the lanthanide series and is considered to be one of the rare-earth metals.

6. A Hindu man who turns 60 celebrates a ceremony called Sashti (60) Abda (years) Poorthi (completed) in Sanskrit.

7. In the west, a couple who have been married for 60 years celebrate their Diamond wedding anniversary.

8. Gone in 60 Seconds is a 2000 film starring Nicolas Cage and Angelina Jolie, in which a reformed car thief has to steal 50 supercars in less than three days in order to save his brother’s life.

9. Talking of cars, the number of miles per hour a car can accelerate to from rest (0-60) is one of the standard measurements of performance.

10. London bus 60 runs from Oasis Academy to Streatham Station.

I also write novels and short stories. If you like superheroes, psychic detectives and general weirdness you might enjoy them. 

Check out my works of fiction at https://juliehowlinauthor.wordpress.com/my-books/

28 February: Spades

In the French Revolutionary calendar, today is Bêche (Day of the Spade). Given the nature of the French Revolutionary calendar, celebrating plants, animals and tools, we must be talking here about the garden implements rather than the Playing card suit. So here are 10 facts about spades.

1. The word comes from the Old English "spadu", which, like similar words in other languages, meant a digging implement.

2. Before the advent of metalworking, people used spades made from riven wood or the shoulder blades of animals.

3. Parts of a spade are the metal blade, which is sometimes referred to as the spit, the shaft shaft, which is usually made of wood, and a handle.

4. Is it a spade or a shovel? The words are often used interchangeably but a spade and a shovel are actually two different things, with different uses. Spades are usually straight and push force directly down, making them good for digging, while a shovel often has a curved or scooped blade, because its function is to move stuff around, like Snow or sand or loose dirt.

5. Hence, when you’re at the seaside and buy a bucket and spade, you are actually buying a bucket and shovel. In North America, these are called shovels with pails.

6. Spade blades were used as currency in ancient China.

7. Some Ice cream scoops are also called spades, because of their shape.

8. The English expression, to call a spade a spade means saying something “as it is”, speaking directly and often to the point of rudeness. The expression ultimately comes from a line in a work in ancient Greece by Plutarch. Who actually said "calling a Fig a fig, and a trough a trough". It’s thought this expression in itself was made up of double entendres and therefore quite rude. Later, Erasmus translated Plutarch’s text and it was he who altered it to be about spades. It’s thought it was a deliberate choice for dramatic effect rather than a mistake in translation. Nicholas Udall translated Erasmus in 1542 and the phrase entered the English language, and was used by many famous writers including Charles Dickens, W Somerset Maugham, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Robert Browning, Jonathan Swift, and Oscar Wilde.

9. The phrase has also been seen as borderline racist, as in the late 1920s “spade” became an insulting term for a black person.

10. Spades today usually have footrests on both sides of the blade so both left and right footed people can use the same tool. This wasn’t always the case, however. Traditionally, a spade only had a footrest on one side. This was notably the case in rural Ireland. In due course, the English introduced spades with two footrests to the north of Ireland while farmers in the south retained the old type. This is the origin of a slur which you may have heard on Downton Abbey: the Protestants in the North would say that a person “dug with the wrong foot” or was “left-footer” meaning a Catholic person who still used the old style of spade.

I also write novels and short stories. If you like superheroes, psychic detectives and general weirdness you might enjoy them. 

Check out my works of fiction at https://juliehowlinauthor.wordpress.com/my-books/

27 February: John Steinbeck

John Steinbeck, US novelist and author of Grapes of Wrath and Of Mice and Men Was born on this date in 1902. 10 facts about him.

1. He was born in Salinas, California, which became a setting for many of his books. Not that the people of the town appreciated it much, at least not while he was alive. At least twice, residents staged public burnings of his books.

2. Unlike most writers, he wasn’t much of a reader as a child. In fact, he hated reading and called books “printed demons”. The book that changed his mind was a simple version of Le Morte d’Arthur which his aunt gave him when he was nine. His fascination with the knights of the round table became the gateway to the world of reading. Arthurian legend was an influence on his writing, too, as he used some of the plots and themes. He even started writing a modern version called The Acts of King Arthur and His Noble Knights, but never finished it.

3. He went to Stanford University, most likely to please his parents. He took as many writing classes as he could but his other choices were somewhat random. He tried to take a course in human dissection, because he “wanted to learn about people” but was turned down. He didn’t see the point of exams and dropped out without taking his finals.

4. He then took a job as a caretaker at the luxe Cascade Estates on the California side of Lake Tahoe near Mount Tallac. It was here that he wrote his first book, Cup of Gold.

5. He married three times. His first wife was Carol Henning, of whom he said, “The girl isn’t wonderful at all or awfully beautiful at all, or anything, but I’m in love with her. And she is clever.” She stayed with him while he struggled as a writer, although it was rumoured she had affairs. Steinbeck certainly did – he took up with a nightclub singer called Gwyn Conger and married her when his first marriage ended. They were married for five years and had two sons before getting divorced. His third wife was Elaine Anderson, to whom he remained married until his death.

6. He wrote a story specifically for Alfred Hitchcock to make into a film, at Hitchcock’s request. The film was called The Lifeboat. Steinbeck, however, had issues with the way Hitchcock portrayed one of his characters. He claimed they had turned his black character, who Steinbeck has written as having “dignity, purpose, and personality” into a stereotype. He asked 20th Century Fox to remove his name from the credits. They refused.

7. He had a pet Rat called Burgess. While married to Gwyn Conger, he bought home the baby rat, much to her delight. They took Burgess everywhere and he’d often sit on Steinbeck’s shoulder when he was driving. It’s said Steinbeck had a bit of a mean streak and he’d sometimes let Burgess loose when they had guests because he’d make the women scream. He loved that rat, though. When it got sick and the vet refused to treat it, he had to put the rat to sleep himself in the gas oven. In her memoirs, his wife wrote that this was the only time she saw him cry.

8. He had a Dog, too, an Irish setter called Toby who famously once ate the first half of the manuscript for Of Mice and Men, so Steinbeck had to spend two months re-writing it. He wrote, “I was pretty mad but the poor little fellow may have been acting critically.”

9. During the second world war he was hired by the New York Herald Tribune to go to Europe and report on the war. Rather than write about battles and tactics, Steinbeck focused on the human stories, such as a soldier who feared his wife would no longer love him because of his injuries.

10. Steinbeck’s favoured method of writing was to use a Pencil. Every day he’d sharpen 24 pencils before he started writing and could use as many as 100 during the course of a day’s work. He was fussy about his pencils, too. They had to be long, round and Black – he hated the Yellow ones.

I also write novels and short stories. If you like superheroes, psychic detectives and general weirdness you might enjoy them. 

Check out my works of fiction at https://juliehowlinauthor.wordpress.com/my-books/

26 February: Cinderella

Today is Tell a Fairy Tale Day, so here are ten facts about the fairytale Cinderella.

1. The story of Cinderella is a rags to riches tale that originates in folklore. Variations of it appear in folklore from all over the world.

2. The earliest example is from Ancient Greece, which could date back to as early as 7BC. In this version the protagonist is called Rhodopis, which means "Rosy-Cheeks". She is a slave girl who ends up marrying the king of Egypt.

3. The story we are most familiar with comes from a retelling of an Italian version of the story, by the Brothers Grimm in their folk tale collection Grimms' Fairy Tales from 1812, and the 1950 Disney film which was an adaptation of that.

4. In the Brothers Grimm version, the protagonist is called "Aschenputtel" which means "The Little Ash Girl".

5. Cinderella doesn’t wear glass slippers in all versions. Some say it was a fur slipper and the Glass one came about as a mistranslation as the French words for fur and glass sound similar. In some versions, it’s not a Shoe at all, but an anklet, ring or bracelet. Whatever it may be, the point is that Cinderella is the only woman it will fit. In some versions, the ugly sisters actually mutilate their Feet in order to make the slipper fit. In the original Disney movie, the wicked stepmother smashes the glass slipper in a bid to ruin Cinderella’s chances of winning her prince. However, she hadn’t bargained for the fact that Cinderella still had the matching shoe.

6. In some versions, there isn’t even a ball. Instead, Cinderella goes to church. Nor is there always a midnight deadline, but she leaves the ball, or church, simply because she is tired and wants to go home.

7. There’s not always a fairy godmother, either. Sometimes the help comes from a wishing tree, or Cinderella’s mother who has been turned into a Cow, or been reincarnated as one.

8. Disney’s 1950 Cinderella may actually have saved Disney from going bust. The studio was in financial trouble back then, and took a gamble on this film. Luckily for them it paid off.

9. Cinderella’s voice in this film was provided by Ilene Woods, who beat 300 other hopefuls when Walt Disney fell in love with her voice.

10. Cinderella’s name has become an analogy for a person or a sports team that achieves recognition or success after being plucked out of obscurity.

For a short story called The Cinderella Syndrome:

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25 February: That'll Be the Day

On this date in 1957 Buddy Holly and the Crickets recorded That'll Be the Day. 10 facts about the song:

1. That'll Be the Day was written by Buddy Holly and Jerry Allison.

2. It was inspired by a film called The Searchers, starring John Wayne. Wayne used the line several times in the movie. Later, when they were hanging out at Jerry's house, Buddy said that it would be nice to record a hit record one day. “That’ll be the day,” Jerry replied, remembering the line from the film. The rest is history.

3. The first recording didn’t involve The Crickets at all but another band called The Three Tunes, who recorded it with Buddy in 1956. Decca records didn't like the result and refused to release it.

4. Holly recorded it again with the crickets and a new producer, Norman Petty. With the addition of backing vocalists and a key change so it better fitted Holly’s voice, and it became a massive hit.

5. The B-side was I'm Looking for Someone to Love.

6. A few months later, Decca records decided to release the first recording after all. The B side for this version was Rock Around with Ollie Vee.

7. That’ll be the Day was the first song John Lennon learned to play on guitar, and was also the first song recorded on a demo tape by his band the Quarrymen, which would later evolve into The Beatles.

8. Another significant cover version was by Linda Ronstadt who recorded it for her 1976 album Hasten Down the Wind.

9. The song appeared in the 1973 George Lucas film American Graffiti.

10. It also inspired a British film called That’ll be the Day about an aspiring rock star.

I also write novels and short stories. If you like superheroes, psychic detectives and general weirdness you might enjoy them. 

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24 February: Carnival floats

On this date in 1868, the first parade to feature floats took place in Mobile, Alabama, to celebrate Mardi Gras. Here are 10 things you might not know about carnival floats.

1. A float is defined as a decorated platform, either built on a vehicle like a truck or towed behind one, which is a component of many festive parades.

2. They date back to the middle ages when they had religious themes. They were used as mobile scenery for passion plays, especially during Feast of Corpus Christi, which would feature 48 floats, one for each play in the Corpus Christi cycle. Artisans would build them to feature their particular skills.

3. Floats got their name because the very first ones were barges on the River Thames, decorated for the Lord Mayor's show.

4. In 1890 Pasadena's Valley Hunt Club organised a parade featuring Horse-drawn carriages covered in Flowers as part of a festival. This festival became known as the Tournament of Roses and it continues to this day.

5. In New Orleans, Mardi Gras was celebrated with small street processions until 1857 when a larger parade was organised. The first floats were simple, built on wooden wagons with paper, fabric, and gas lanterns. Like the passion play floats, they were designed to tell a story, as floats still do today. As people from Europe migrated to New Orleans, they brought skills with them and in time, the floats became more elaborate and artistic.

6. The largest float ever exhibited in a parade was 116-foot-long (35 m) and took part in the 2012 Tournament of Roses Parade. It featured a skateboarding Bulldog surfing in tank of water which held 5,500 imperial gallons (25,000 litres) of water, was 80 feet (24 m) long and included a wave machine which created a wave every minute.

7. When is a float not a float? When it’s a cart. In South West England there is a carnival parade in November connected with Guy Fawkes night. Floats here are known as carts and the parade takes place after dark. There are about 40 large floats which are illuminated with up to 22,000 lightbulbs. It tours various locations in Devon, Wiltshire and Somerset including Exmouth, Trowbridge, Bridgewater, Weston Super Mare and Glastonbury.

8. It can take several months to build a float. Once a theme has been decided upon the float will need a metal frame, hydraulic motors to make parts of it move, and the details added in wood, papier mache, fibre glass and clay. Costumes for the people riding on the float also have to be designed and made.

9. Themes of floats include children’s books and films, historical scenes, musical trends such as dance crazes or popular musicals, transport such as trains, cars and space travel and scenes from around the world.

10. In Ferris Bueller's Day Off, Ferris jumps onto a float during a parade and sings several karaoke numbers to the crowd.

I also write novels and short stories. If you like superheroes, psychic detectives and general weirdness you might enjoy them. 

Check out my works of fiction at https://juliehowlinauthor.wordpress.com/my-books/

23 February: Horlicks

Born this date in 1846 was William Horlick, food manufacturer and the original patent holder for malted Milk. 10 things you might not know about his product, Horlicks:

1. For anyone who doesn’t know what it is, it’s a sweet malted milk hot drink powder developed by James and William Horlick.

2. The brothers emigrated to the USA, William in 1860 and James in 1873, and it was in that year that they they founded the company J & W Horlicks in Chicago.

3. Horlicks was originally a food for babies and invalids.

4. The Horlicks brothers invented a condition called 'night starvation' for their advertising campaign. The cure, as you may already have guessed, was to have a mug of Horlicks before bed.

5. Horlicks was later made and marketed by GlaxoSmithKline as a nutritional supplement.

6. Horlicks in the UK is currently owned by Aimia Foods.

7. What is this stuff made of? In the UK at least the ingredient list is The main ingredient in the United Kingdom formulation is a mixture of Wheat flour, malted wheat, malted Barley, dried whey, Calcium carbonate, dried skimmed milk, Sugar, palm oil (certified by the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil), Salt, Anti-Caking Agent (E551), and a mixture of vitamins and minerals.

8. In South Africa, you can get Honey and Horlicks flavoured milkshake.

9. In Hong Kong, it’s a popular drink in cafes and can be served hot or cold, with ice.

10. Horlicks was the sponsor for Dan Dare, Pilot of the Future, a serial broadcast on Radio Luxembourg in the 1950s.

I also write novels and short stories. If you like superheroes, psychic detectives and general weirdness you might enjoy them. 

Check out my works of fiction at https://juliehowlinauthor.wordpress.com/my-books/

22 February: George Washington Quotes

George Washington was born on this date in 1732. 10 George Washington Quotes, from a time when stuff a US president said made sense and didn’t just consist of calling people he didn’t like “failing losers”.

1. A pack of jackasses led by a lion is superior to a pack of lions led by a jackass.

2. Be Americans. Let there be no sectionalism, no North, South, East or West. You are all dependent on one another and should be one in union. In one word, be a nation. Be Americans, and be true to yourselves.

3. 99% of failures come from people who make excuses.

4. Leadership is not only having a vision, but also having the courage, the discipline, and the resources to get you there.

5. You have only one way to convince others, listen to them.

6. Occupants of public offices love power and are prone to abuse it.

7. When there is no vision, there is no hope.

8. Make sure you are doing what God wants you to do – then do it with all your strength.

9. Real men despise battle, but will never run from it.

10. To be prepared for war is one of the most effective means of preserving peace.

I also write novels and short stories. If you like superheroes, psychic detectives and general weirdness you might enjoy them. 

Check out my works of fiction at https://juliehowlinauthor.wordpress.com/my-books/

21 February: Leo Delibes

Born on this date in 1836 was Leo Delibes, French Romantic composer. 10 facts about him.

1. His works include Coppélia, Sylvia and Lakmé, which includes the "Flower Duet".

2. His full name was Clement Philibert Leo Delibes.

3. He was born in Saint-Germain-du-Val, France. His father was a postman and his mother a musician. He was their only child. His grandfather was an Opera singer.

4. His father died in 1847 and the family moved to Paris. At the age of 12 he was admitted to the Paris Conservatoire.

5. As a boy he had a good singing voice and sang in the church choir at La Madeleine. He also played the organ at several churches.

6. One of his teachers at the Conservatoire was Adolphe Adam, the composer of Giselle.

7. Delibes earned a living as a critic; inspector of school music; and accompanist and chorus master at the Opéra.

8. He was one of the first composers to write high quality music for Ballet. He was able to retire thanks to the success of Coppélia and devote his time to composing. He had a yen to compose more serious stuff and wrote a grand scena, La Mort d'Orphée (The Death of Orpheus), and a serious opera, Jean de Nivelle.

9. In 1971 he married Leontine Estelle Denain, who he’d met while working as an organist.

10. He died on 16 January 1891, at the age of 54.

I also write novels and short stories. If you like superheroes, psychic detectives and general weirdness you might enjoy them. 

Check out my works of fiction at https://juliehowlinauthor.wordpress.com/my-books/

20 February: Sidney Poitier

This date in 1927 saw the birth of Sidney Poitier, American actor. 10 things you might not know about him.

1. His family lived in the Bahamas, which at that time was a British Crown colony, but Sidney wasn’t born there. He was born in Miami, which made him a US citizen. His father was a farmer and the family would travel to the US on business, which is why they were there when Sidney was born, two months prematurely. It was touch and go whether he’d survive, but he did, and his parents returned to the Bahamas where he grew up.

2. At 15, he went back to Miami, and then to New York when he was 16. He’d decided by then that he wanted to be an actor. He worked washing dishes to support himself.

3. He failed his first audition with the American Negro Theatre because he wasn’t able to read a script fluently. One of the waiters worked with him every night, listening to him as he read from a newspaper.

4. Soon after that, in 1943, Poitier lied about his age so he could join the army, since he was homeless at the time and the military would provide accommodation. He served as a medical attendant at a mental hospital in New York, but hated it and faked a mental illness to get discharged. Faced with the prospect of electric shock treatment, he confessed that he’d been faking and also that he’d lied about his age. After some therapy sessions, he was discharged.

5. After this he tried again for the American Negro Theatre and this time was successful, although he still had a lot of work to do. He couldn’t sing, which was something expected of actors at the time, and he still had a noticeable Bahamian accent, which he needed to work on losing.

6. His breakthrough film role was as a high school student in the 1955 film Blackboard Jungle. He was blacklisted for a time because he was an active member of the Committee for the Negro in the Arts (CNA).

7. Ultimately, though, he was a great success. He was the first African-American actor to win an Academy Award for Best Actor in a Lead Role for Lilies of the Field in 1963, and the first to place autograph, hand, and footprints in the cement at Grauman's Chinese Theatre in 1967.

8. In 2009, Poitier was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by Barack Obama. He’d already, in 1974, been awarded an honorary knighthood of the Order of the British Empire by Queen Elizabeth II. He served as as ambassador of the Bahamas to Japan, and was was a member of the board of directors of the Walt Disney Company.

9. He was the visual inspiration for the original illustrations of the superhero Green Lantern.

10. At the time of his death, aged 94, he was the last surviving Oscar nominee as Best Actor from the 1950s, and the last surviving winner from the 1960s. Incidentally, he died on the same day and in the same city as Peter Bogdanovich, who directed him in To Sir, with Love II in 1996.

I also write novels and short stories. If you like superheroes, psychic detectives and general weirdness you might enjoy them. 

Check out my works of fiction at https://juliehowlinauthor.wordpress.com/my-books/

19 February: Mendelevium

On this date in 1955 the element Mendelevium was discovered. Here’s what you might not know.

1. It’s a synthetic metallic element with the symbol Md and atomic number 101.

2. That makes it what is called a transuranium element. These are elements with atomic numbers greater than 92, the atomic number of Uranium. All of them are radioactively unstable and decay into other elements. They are all synthetic and none of them occur naturally on Earth, except for neptunium and Plutonium.

3. It has been predicted that Mendelevium would melt at 1100 K (800 °C, 1500 °F).

4. It was named after Dmitri Mendeleev, a Russian chemist known for formulating the periodic law and creating a version of the Periodic Table of elements.

5. It was first synthesised by Albert Ghiorso, Glenn T. Seaborg, Gregory Robert Choppin, Bernard G. Harvey, and team leader Stanley G. Thompson in early 1955 at the University of California, Berkeley, by bombarding another synthetic element called einsteinium with alpha particles.

6. It was the first element to be synthesized and discovered a few atoms at a time. In about a dozen repetitions of the experiment, the team of scientists produced 17 atoms of mendelevium.

7. In the periodic table, mendelevium is located to the right of the actinide fermium, to the left of the actinide nobelium, and below the lanthanide thulium.

8. Seventeen isotopes of mendelevium are known, with mass numbers from 244 to 260.

9. Mendelevium is the last element with any known isotope that has a half-life longer than a day.

10. The most stable of its isotopes is mendelevium-258 which has a half life of 51.5 days.

I also write novels and short stories. If you like superheroes, psychic detectives and general weirdness you might enjoy them. 

Check out my works of fiction at https://juliehowlinauthor.wordpress.com/my-books/

18 February: Alessandro Volta

This date in 1745 was the birthdate of Alessandro Volta, Italian scientist and inventor of the electric battery. 10 facts about him.

1. Volta was born in Como in northern Italy. His father, Filippo Volta, was of noble lineage.

2. His family expected him to become a priest, but he chose a career in science and family life instead. This led to speculation that he had no religious belief, but that wasn’t true. He maintained his Catholic faith all his life.

3. His wife’s name was Teresa Peregrini, who like him, was from Como. They had three sons: Zanino, Flaminio, and Luigi.

4. His work built on that of Luigi Galvani, the guy who discovered that touching a skinned Frog’s leg with different metals caused the leg to move. Volta concluded that the frog’s leg was merely a conductor and wasn’t actually generating electricity. He did similar experiments without using frogs, just different metals, and found that the current was generated just the same. He called it “metallic electricity.”

5. His method of detecting weak electric currents between two metals was to place them on his tongue.

6. He went on to invent something called the voltaic column, an early battery, which consisted of alternating disks of Zinc and Silver (alternatively Copper and pewter) separated by Paper or cloth soaked in salt Water or sodium hydroxide.

7. He was also credited with discovering methane gas.

8. Volta demonstrated his battery to Napoleon Bonaparte, who was so impressed that he made Volta a count.

9. Volta retired in 1819 to his estate in Como and died there on 5 March 1827, just after his 82nd birthday.

10. The volt unit of measurement is named for him. Also named for him is a species of electric Eel, Electrophorus voltai, which as been described as the strongest bioelectricity producer in nature.

I also write novels and short stories. If you like superheroes, psychic detectives and general weirdness you might enjoy them. 

Check out my works of fiction at https://juliehowlinauthor.wordpress.com/my-books/

17 February: Sardines

The first sardines were canned by Julius Wolff in Eastport, Maine at the Wolff and Reesing Cannery on this date in 1876. 10 facts about sardines

1. The term sardine relates to various species of small Fish in the herring family. There are five distinct genera and at least 21 unique species in the sub-order they belong to. The European pilchard is one of them. Hence the words sardine and pilchard are sometimes used interchangeably.

2. Most sources will tell you that the word sardine comes from the Italian island of Sardinia, because the fish were once abundant there. Wikipedia, however, questions this as the word has Greek roots and it seems unlikely that people in Athens were getting their fish from Sardinia that long ago. Their article suggests an alternative, that the word sardine actually derives from sardonyx stone, because the flesh of some of these fish is Red, like the stone.

3. In ancient times, sardines were preserved through methods such as drying, smoking, and salting. These methods were less than perfect, however, as they would alter the texture and taste.

4. While Wolff might have been the pioneer for sardine canning in America, the credit in my sources seems to go to one Nicolas Appert, a French confectioner and chef, who discovered that heating food in a sealed container would preserve it. He has been called the "Father of Canning."

5. Situations where people are crowded together are sometimes referred to as being like sardines in a tin. This expression seems to have originated in France: "encaissés comme des sardines", appeared in a French publication called La Femme, le mari, et l'amant in 1829, and the English translation in The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction in 1841.

6. On a similar note, the game of sardines. One person hides, and the people who find them hide with them in the same spot, so by the end of the game they will be packed together in the hiding place like sardines in a tin. The last person to discover the hiding place is the next one to hide.

7. A can of sardines is 67% Water, 21% protein, 10% fat with a small amount of carbohydrate. Sardines are an excellent source of Selenium, Calcium and omega 3 fatty acids.

8. Sardines eat zooplankton and will congregate in areas where there is lots of it. Sardines are eaten not only by us but by other fish, marine animals and Birds. They are in fact quite low in the food chain which makes them not only a sustainable source of food, but one which has less contaminants, like Mercury, than fish higher up the chain.

9. Sardine oil has other uses besides as food. It has anti-inflammatory properties and is rich in vitamin A, which makes it good for Skin care products. It can be used to treat skin problems such as eczema and acne.

10. Portugal is known for its sardines and The annual Feast of St. Anthony there features a parade of giant sardines made of paper or plastic, which are carried through the streets of Lisbon. Each year, the parade has a different theme, and the design of the giant sardines will be in keeping with the theme.

I also write novels and short stories. If you like superheroes, psychic detectives and general weirdness you might enjoy them. 

Check out my works of fiction at https://juliehowlinauthor.wordpress.com/my-books/